واکاوی نقش نهادهای مذهب پایه در توسعۀ اجتماع محله ای نمونۀ موردی: محلۀ ششگلان

نهادهای مذهبی، گروهی از نهادهای اجتماعی هستند که هدفشان برآورده ساختن نیازهای دینی و مذهبی جامعه است. یکی از نهادهای مذهبی که در جوامع اسلامی حضوری فعال دارد، نهاد مسجد است. مسجد به عنوان اصلی ترین بنا در شهرهای اسلامی، دو هدف عمده دارد. هدف مذهبی: یعنی پرستش و عبادت خدا به صورت جمعی و هدف اجتماعی: یعنی ایجاد اتحاد در درون اجتماع و تقویت روابط اجتماعی. هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی نقشی است که نهادهای مذهبی و به ویژه مساجد می توانند در توسعۀ اجتماعات محلی داشته باشند. روش شناسی پژوهش، رویکرد توصیفی–تحلیلی است. در قسمت چارچوب نظری و ادبیات موضوع از روش اسنادی استفاده شده است و یافته های پژوهش نیز با استفاده از روش میدانی و تهیه پرسش نامه بوده است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش حاضر، شامل ساکنان محلۀ ششگلان در منطقه ده شهرداری تبریز است که برای به دست آوردن حجم نمونه از فرمول کوکران استفاده شده است. بر این اساس و با توجه به جامعۀ آماری، حجم نمونه شامل 150 نفر و واحد تحلیل در این پژوهش، فرد است. فرضیۀ پژوهش بر این استوار است که بین نهادهای مذهبی و توسعۀ اجتماعات محلی ارتباط معناداری وجود دارد. برای تعیین این ارتباط، از آزمون ضریب کندال و ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن استفاده شد. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهند که مقدار ضریب کندال در بین تمامی مولفه های توسعۀ اجتماع محلی و نهادهای مذهبی بیش از 60 درصد و مقدار ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن نیز بیش از 65 درصد است که این امر بیانگر رابطۀ مثبت و معناداری میان مولفه های توسعۀ اجتماع محلی و نهادهای مذهبی است.

Analyzing the Role of Basic Religion Institutions in the Local Community Development: The Case of Sheshgelan Neighborhood

Religious institutions are a group of social institutions that aim to meet the religious needs of society. One of the religious institutions that has an active presence in Islamic societies is mosque. Mosque, as the main building in Islamic cities, has two main purposes. Religious purpose: it means the worship of God collectively and social purpose: it means creating unity within the community and reinforcement of social relations. The purpose of this study is to identify the role that religious institutions, especially mosques, can play in the development of local communities. Research methodology is a descriptive-analytical approach. In the theoretical framework and literature of the subject, the documentary method has been used and the research findings have been collected using the field method and preparing a questionnaire. The statistical population of the present study includes the residents of Sheshgelan neighborhood in District 10 of Tabriz Municipality. Shashgelan neighborhood in the ten districts of Tabriz municipality is one of the few neighborhoods that has 6 active mosques, and the service area of some of these mosques includes the whole city of Tabriz. Existence of a network of effective communication between the residents of this neighborhood with a sense of sharing interests has turned Sheshgelan neighborhood into a developing neighborhood community. But what has been neglected in the meantime is paying attention to the role and impact that the mosques of this neighborhood can have in order to develop the community in Sheshgelan neighborhood. The Cochran’s formula has been used to obtain the sample size. Based on this and according to the statistical population, the sample size includes 150 people and the unit of analysis in this study is individual. The research hypothesis is based on the fact that there is a significant relationship between religious institutions and the development of local communities. Kendall coefficient and Spearman correlation coefficient were used to determine this relationship. Results of the reaserch show that the value of Kendall coefficient among all components of local community development and religious institutions is more than 60% and the value of Spearman correlation coefficient is more than 65%, which indicates a positive and significant relationship between components of local community development and its  religious institution. Findings show that daily interaction in the mosques of Sheshgelan neighborhood, leads to the formation of a sense of trust that is effective in restoring trust and continuity of interaction. The neighborhood mosque is a place of gathering and a basis for unity and solidarity of different strata of the neighborhood residents. The neighborhood mosque can even be considered as a council mosque and a representative of the Muslim community in the neighborhood, and this social unit with principled planning can have a tremendous impact on advancing the neighborhood development and solving its problems. Also, the mosque plays a great role in creating harmony and empathy and creating social interactions among the residents of the neighborhoods, to provide a work space and interaction at the neighborhood level.