characterization and piezoelectric performance of the zno nanorod grown at different conditions

Zinc oxid nanorods (zno nrs) have been widely investigated due to their unique properties and remarkable performance in electronics, optics, and photonics. in this paper, zno nrs were grown by hydrothermal method at different conditions. the scanning electron microscope (sem) and x ray diffraction (xrd) were used to characterize the morphology and structure of zno nrs. three different process conditions were investigated and characterized. finally, vertically aligned zno nrs with hexagonal structure were grown of ptfe substrate. the xrd results also confirmed the orientation of zno nrs along the c axis direction perpendicular to the substrate through presence of the dominant peak related to the (002) diffraction plane. the nanogenerator device based on zno nrs was then prepared and its piezoelectric performance was evaluated under periodic impacts at low frequency. such piezoelectric nanogenerator working at low frequencies are expected to have various applications in wearable and self powered devices to convert mechanical energy from the human motions to usable electrical energy.