نفس صدرایی بر پایه اشکالات روحانیه الحدوث بودن نفس سینوی

تلاش برای پی بردن به حقیقت نفس و نتایج حاصله ازآن ها همواره مورد توجه فیلسوفان بوده و به عنوان یکی از دغدغه های سیر فلسفی آن ها به شمار می رود در همین راستا تعاریف زیادی از نفس ارایه داده اند، عده ای به قدم و برخی به حدوث نفس اعتقاد داشتند و گروهی هم همانند ابن سینا به مجرد بودن نفس در ابتدای پیدایش و صدرا به مادی بودن نفس در آغاز ایجاد اعتقاد داشتند بطوری که ابن سینا بیان می کند حدوث نفس همراه با حدوث بدن است یا به تعبیری حدوث نفس مع البدن است و نفس انسانی نزد ابن سینا از اول فطرت هنگام حدوثش مجرد عقلی است اما در نظر صدرا نفس ابتدا امری مادی است و حقیقتی ذومراتب است که بدن، مرتبه نازله آن است. بر این اساس، هرگونه فعل و انفعالی در هر مرتبه که باشد، با فعل و انفعال در مراتب بالاتر و پایین تر رابطه دارد و بالاخره آن که سبب اختلاف اساسی در میان دو حکمت مشاء و متعالیه شد اعتقاد و عدم اعتقاد به حرکت جوهری می باشد که در پرتوی آن این بحث جان تازه ای می گیرد.

Ibn Sina and Mulla Sadra's Different View of the Soul

Philosophers have always been interested in trying to understand the truth of the soul and its results. And it is considered as one of the concerns of their philosophical course. In this regard, they have provided many definitions of the soul. Some believed in the old and some in the new. And a group like Ibn Sina believed in the singleness of the soul at the beginning of creation and Sadra in the materiality of the soul at the beginning of creation. As Ibn Sina states, the occurrence of the soul is accompanied by the occurrence of the body, or in other words, the occurrence of the soul is with the body . According to Ibn Sina, the human soul is intellectually single from the beginning of its nature when it occurs but in Sadra #39;s view, the soul is first and foremost a material thing, and it is a hierarchical truth to which the body is a descendant. Accordingly, any interaction at any level is related to interaction at higher and lower levels. And finally, what caused the fundamental difference between the two peripatetic and transcendent wisdoms is the belief and disbelief in the movement of the substance, in the light of which this discussion takes on a new life.Philosophers have always been interested in trying to understand the truth of the soul and its results. And it is considered as one of the concerns of their philosophical course. In this regard, they have provided many definitions of the soul. Some believed in the old and some in the new. And a group like Ibn Sina believed in the singleness of the soul at the beginning of creation and Sadra in the materiality of the soul at the beginning of creation. As Ibn Sina states, the occurrence of the soul is accompanied by the occurrence of the body, or in other words, the occurrence of the soul is with the body . According to Ibn Sina, the human soul is intellectually single from the beginning of its nature when it occurs but in Sadra #39;s view, the soul is first and foremost a material thing, and it is a hierarchical truth to which the body is a descendant. Accordingly, any interaction at any level is related to interaction at higher and lower levels. And finally, what caused the fundamental difference between the two peripatetic and transcendent wisdoms is the belief and disbelief in the movement of the substance, in the light of which this discussion takes on a new life.