investigating the pounding effects on the seismic collapse capacity of adjacent rc and steel smrfs

Several numerical studies have been performed to investigate the pounding phenomenon for reducing structural damages during severe earthquakes. this phenomenon occurs due to insufficient clear distance between adjacent buildings, the difference between fundamental periods, mass and stiffness. many studies focused on the numerical modeling of the impact force using contact elements such as linear elastic, linear viscoelastic, modified linear viscoelastic, nonlinear viscoelastic and modified hertzdamp model. while, khatiwada et al. (2013) showed that the linear viscoelastic contact model showed better performance and was recommended for pounding simulations among the nonlinear viscoelastic, modified linear viscoelastic, and modified hertzdamp models. therefore, in this study, to model the pounding phenomenon, the linear viscoelastic contact model was developed in opensees software. for all pounding special moment resisting frames (smrfs), the impact damping coefficient, cimp, and the impact stiffness, k imp, wereobtained from studies performed by kazemi et al. (2018a) and mohebi et al. (2018).