analytical aspects of bi-normalized response spectra based on ground velocity and displacment time histories in near fault

Near-fault ground motions have powerful impulsive nature which is characterized by long period and high amplitude pulses, relatively short durated and intensive strong waveforms as well as unusual spectral shape especially in lowfrequency band. the strong ground motion recorded within forward directivity process are qualitatively quite differentfrom the far-field ones (wuchuan et al., 2018). the strong near-fault ground motions have often waveform of pulses in the ground velocity history, so that in a time domain most of the kinematic energy considerably emanates through fault rupture mechanism. in this paper, the analytical aspects of bi-normalized response spectra (bnrs) according to the ground velocity and displacement in near fault has been notified and assessed numerically. the ground motions which are needed for this purpose have been selected based on the pulse-like records.