application of agent-based simulation in emergency evacuation and casualty prediction of indoor scenarios

Simulation of crowd emergency evacuation is a complex part in which the objectives are improving the safety of the crowd by assessing geometrical structure of the escape area to decrease evacuation time and optimize architectural design and rescue operations. usually, in public infrastructures, casualties can increase by inappropriate design of the architecturalelements and intensify when hazardous high density crowd movements arise. in these cases, evacuation encounters a problem which can lead to injury or death of people. it is obvious that evacuation behaviors of the occupants will affect the casualty number in earthquakes. furthermore, the structural failure patterns during an earthquake can influence occupantscasualties. besides, investigating how people behave in the event of a disaster (like earthquake) can lead to a more accurate prediction of the occupants casualty of the building.