re-framing earthquake resilience bridging the gap between theory and implementation

In seismic prone countries, like iran, the damages caused by strong earthquakes are so severe that the response to their impacts is often beyond the capacity of local governments (shakib et al., 2011). therefore, special attention should be paid to capacity building and increasing the preparedness for potential earthquakes. improving resilience is one of themost significant approaches that can be addressed in this regard. the united nations office for disaster risk reduction (undrr), formerly known as unisdr, (united nations international strategy for disaster reduction) (2017) defines resilience as the ability of a system or a society at risk to absorb the effects of crisis, resistance before collapse, and rapidreconstruction. during the last two decades the concept of resilience has gained much popularity in urban areas. however, there is still no unified classification on parameters of urban resilience (scherzer et al., 2019). it is noteworthy that despitelong decades of worthwhile researches in the field of disaster resilience, there are still a lot of unknown dimensions on this subject, especially regarding existing gaps between theories and implementation.