the sismic evaluation of under mainshock- fire damaged buildings under- aftershock earthquakes

In the current design codes, the concomitant or subsequent occurrence of earthquakes and fires has not been addressed so far. nevertheless, fire is the greatest danger to the safety of people immediately after the earthquake. fires are often triggered as a consequence of damage caused by the earthquake and are possible to cause major additional damage tobuildings and other constructions. bursting of gas pipelines, damage to electrical cables and water supply systems failure are the commonest causes of post-earthquake fire in the modern world. besides that, the process of confronting the fire could be disrupted by the occurrence of earthquake because earthquake could limit accessibility to fire extinguishingsystems including fire extinguisher, sprinkler, to name but a handful or disturb the urban transport system and prevent the timely arrival of the firefighters, so fires following earthquakes are often more devastating than earthquakes themselves. for example, one of the most famous earthquakes that led to widespread fires was the 2011 japan earthquake, which caused powerful tsunami waves and severe structural damage in northeastern japan including heavy damage to roads and railways as well as fires in many areas and a dam collapse (tanaka, 2012).