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   mixed double roman domination in graphs  
   
نویسنده abdollahzadeh ahangar h. ,chellali m. ,sheikholeslami s.m. ,tripodoro j.c.valenzuela
منبع communications in combinatorics and optimization - 2026 - دوره : 11 - شماره : 2 - صفحه:503 -519
چکیده    Let $g=(v,e)$ be a simple graph with vertex set $v$ and edge set $e$. a mixed double roman dominating function (mdrdf) of $g$ is a function $f:vcup e rightarrow {0,1,2,3}$ satisfying  (1) for any element $xin vcup e$ with $f(x)=0$, there must be either element $yin vcup e$, with $f(y)=3,$  which is adjacent or incident to $x$, or either two elements $y,z in vcup e$, with $f(y),f(z)=2$ which are adjacent or incident to $x$; (2) for any element $xin vcup e$ with $f(x)=1$, there must be either  element $yin vcup e$, with $f(y)ge 2,$  which is adjacent or incident to $x$. the weight of an mdrdf $f$ is $w(f)=f(vcup e)=sum_{xin vcup e} f(x)$ and the minimum weight among all the mdrd functions the textit{mdrd-number}, $gamma _{dr}^*(g)$, of the graph $g$. in this paper we start the study of this variation of the classic roman domination problem by setting some basic results, giving exact values and sharp bounds of the mdrd number and we approach the study of the complexity of the decision problem associated to the mdr domination in graphs. 
کلیدواژه roman domination ,double roman domination ,mixed double roman domination
آدرس babol noshirvani university of technology, department of mathematics, iran, university of blida, lamda-ro laboratory, department of mathematics, algeria, azarbaijan shahid madani university, department of mathematics, iran, university of cádiz, department of mathematics, spain
پست الکترونیکی jcarlos.valenzuela@uca.es
 
     
   
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