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on odd-graceful coloring of graphs
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نویسنده
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suparta i nengah ,lin yuqing ,hasni roslan ,budayana i nyoman
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منبع
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communications in combinatorics and optimization - 2025 - دوره : 10 - شماره : 2 - صفحه:335 -354
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چکیده
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For a graph $g(v,e)$ which is undirected, simple, and finite, we denote by $|v|$ and $|e|$ the cardinality of the vertex set $v$ and the edge set $e$ of $g$, respectively. a textit{graceful labeling} $f$ for the graph $g$ is an injective function ${f}:vrightarrow {0,1,2,..., |e|}$ such that ${|f(u)-f(v)|:uvin e}={1,2,...,|e|}$. a graph that has a graceful-labeling is called textit{graceful} graph. a vertex (resp. edge) coloring is an assignment of color (positive integer) to every vertex (resp. edge) of $g$ such that any two adjacent vertices (resp. edges) have different colors. a textit{graceful coloring} of $g$ is a vertex coloring $c: vrightarrow {1,2,ldots, k},$ for some positive integer $k$, which induces edge coloring $|c(u)-c(v)|$, $uvin e$. if $c$ also satisfies additional property that every induced edge color is odd, then the coloring $c$ is called an textit{odd-graceful coloring} of $g$. if an odd-graceful coloring $c$ exists for $g$, then the smallest number $k$ which maintains $c$ as an odd-graceful coloring, is called textit{odd-graceful chromatic number} for $g$. in the latter case we will denote the odd-graceful chromatic number of $g$ as $mathcal{x}_{og}(g)=k$. otherwise, if $g$ does not admit odd-graceful coloring, we will denote its odd-graceful chromatic number as $mathcal{x}_{og}(g)=infty$. in this paper, we derived some facts of odd-graceful coloring and determined odd-graceful chromatic numbers of some basic graphs.
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کلیدواژه
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graceful graph ,graceful coloring ,odd-graceful coloring ,odd-graceful chromatic number
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آدرس
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universitas pendidikan ganesha, department of mathematics, indonesia, the university of newcastle, college of engineering, science and environment, australia, universiti malaysia terengganu, special interest group on modeling and data analytics (sigmda), malaysia, universitas pendidikan ganesha, department of mathematics, indonesia
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پست الکترونیکی
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nyoman.budayana@undiksha.ac.id
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Authors
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