Combined Transmission Expansion and Distributed Generation Planning Considering Uncertainty and Emission

Supplying the growing demand for electricity, which is uncertain, has become an essential issue in power system planning. the policymakers must provide enough generation and transmission capacity to deliver electric power to the users. this matter, combined with climate change and generator's gas emission, is gaining paramount importance since the emission costs must be considered in the overall power system costs besides the generators' investment and operation costs. the issue of a combined analysis of power system planning, considering the generation and load uncertainty and emission, is a new challenging approach. this paper introduces a novel planning model for distributed generations (dgs) and transmission systems. the model utilizes the scenario analysis technique to model uncertainties in the future load and the new power plants. the model also aims to minimize dgs’ and transmission lines’ investment cost, the expected operation cost of power plants and dgs, and gas emitted pollutions. the proposed model is developed as a mixed-integer non-linear programming model and is solved using the genetic algorithm. the garver 6-bus test system is captured as the case study to propose the proposed model's efficacy.