The Effect of R10 Fraction of Garlic Extract on the Expression of Bmp15 and Gdnf9 Genes in Pcos Model Mice

Background and aim: polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) is the most common endocrinopathy. pcos affects 7% to 14% of reproductive-aged women and is associated with reproductive and metabolic dysfunction. it is commonly defined by increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, androgens, and an increased prevalence of subfertility. thus, one of the avenues for this disease is the immunomodulation of the immune system. r10 fraction of garlic extract has immunomodulatory activity in cellular immune response and has been shown in previous studies.methods: immunomodulatory r10 fraction of garlic extract was prepared using ultra-filtration, chromatofocusing and electrophoresis (sds-page), and further purified using sephadex g75 and was injected once-daily in two groups of estradiol valerate-induced pcos mice for 7 and 14 days with the concentration of 20mg/kg. also, the expression of gdf9 and bmp15 genes that play an important role in proper ovarian function and embryonic development was determined by real-time pcr.results: in the electrophoresis, the r10 fraction displayed a single band at about 13 kda, which contained three types of proteins (r10a, r10b, and r10c) with various isoelectric points as purified by chromatofocusing. also the expression of growth differentiation factor 9 (gdf9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (bmp15) genes after treatment of r10 fraction in pcos mice increased in comparison with estradiol valerate-induced pcos of mice.conclusion: bmp15 and gdf9 play a critical function in follicular development and oocyte maturation. bmp15 and gdf9 were first expressed at very low levels in primordial follicles, and with follicular development, their expression increased gradually. the expression of bmp15 and gdf9 in ovarian tissues varies among the developmental stages in both granulosa and oocyte cells in mice ovarian tissues. the expression of these genes decreased and was delayed in the early follicular stage in pcos ovarian tissues, and these varieties in expression perhaps related to aberrant follicular development in patients with pcos. finally, r10 fraction of garlic extract may have a positive effects on improving the functions of bmp15 and gdf9 genes.