Genetic Variation of Glutenin Subunits and Alleles in Iranian Wheat Cultivars

Background and aim: glutenins and gliadins, gluten proteins, are the most important components of wheat seeds and provide visco-elasticity to the dough, which defines its bread-making quality. the glutenin characteristics of wheat germplasm have a potential value and understanding the allelic distribution in glutenins loci is very important for any wheat breeding program.methods: in the present study, 17 iranian wheat lines and cultivars were analyzed for diversity in high and low molecular weight glutenin subunits and gene alleles.results: in studied cultivars, 11 different high molecular protein subunits were identified, three of which were related to glu-a1, five for glu-b1 and three were related to glu-d1. the glu-1 loci scores ranged from 5-10.1 with an average of 6.59 for all cultivars. three cultivars gaspard, saseyon and linea had the highest allelic scores from 8 to 10. the highest frequency at loci glu-a1, glu-b1, glu-d1 were for subunits null (76%), 7 +8 or 7+9 (35%) and 2+12 (59 %), respectively. it was observed that in sorkhtokhm cultivar allelic composition at the glu-d1 locus, the relative mobility in gel electrophoresis (10%) had a behavior similar to 2+10 subunit, this allelic combination in this research was named 2/1+10*.conclusion: low molecular weight glutenin subunit genes were investigated using dna primer pairs for glu-3d.3, gluu, glu-3d.4 and glu-d3 loci. one allele was identified by glu-3d.3 (600 bp), gluu (600 bp), glu-3d.4 (700 bp), whereas two alleles were identified by glu-d3 (300 and 500 bp).