گردشگری اجتماع محور و توسعه سکونتگاه های ساحلی – پیراشهری بوشهر

حضور آگاهانه‌ی مردم در صحنه فعالیت‌های گردشگری از طریق اصل ارتباط ارگانیک  بین توسعه پایدار و گردشگری پایدار، یکی از شاخص‌های اصلی توسعه پایدار است. امروزه از گردشگری اجتماع‌محور  تحت عنوان  cbt یاد می‌کنند در حقیقت cbt، نوعی از گردشگری جایگزین است که بر ظرفیت‌سازی و توانمندسازی مردم محلّی، به‌عنوان ابزارهایی برای رسیدن به توسعه جامعه تمرکز دارد. این نوع از گردشگری براساس رویکرد مشارکتی شکل‌گرفته است، مشارکت فعّال جامعه در برنامه‌ریزی گردشگری را تسهیل می‌کند، روابط متقابل میان گردشگران و جامعه را افزایش می‌دهد و میراث فرهنگی و طبیعی منطقه را حفظ می‌کند. بخشی از گردشگری روستایی به روستاهای پیراشهری مربوط می‌شود که به دلیل جاذبه‌های تاریخی، طبیعی و تفریحگاهی به‌عنوان خانه‌های دوم همواره نقش اساسی را ایفاء نموده‌اند و به‌واسطه همین نقش، جایگاه متفاوتی را داشته‌اند. بر همین اساس هدف این پژوهش ارزیابی و سنجش  اثرات گردشگری اجتماع‌محور  بر توسعه سکونتگاه‌های  روستاهای ساحلی پیرامون شهر بوشهر است. روش پژوهش این تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی؛ و نوع آن پیمایشی است. ساکنان سکونتگاه‌های روستاهای ساحلی پیرامون شهر بوشهر جامعۀ آماری این تحقیق را تشکیل می‌دهند. نمونه آماری این پژوهش از طریق فرمول کوکران به تعداد 400 نفر تعیین‌شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که بین گردشگری اجتماع‌محور و توسعه سکونتگاه‌های روستاهای ساحلی  پیرامون شهر بوشهر  به لحاظ اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی، نهادی و زیست‌محیطی ارتباط معناداری وجود دارد.

community-oriented tourism and the development of coastal peri-urban settlements of bushehr

extended abstractintroduction: the conscious presence of people in the scene of tourism activities through the principle of organic connection between sustainable development and sustainable tourism is one of the main indicators of sustainable development. today, community-based tourism is referred to as cbt. in fact, cbt is a type of alternative tourism that focuses on capacity building and empowerment of local people as tools to achieve community development.this type of tourism is based on a collaborative approach, it facilitates the active participation of the community in tourism planning, increases mutual relations between tourists and the community, and preserves the cultural and natural heritage of the region. part of rural tourism is related to the villages around the city, which have always played an essential role due to their historical, natural, recreational attractions and as second homes, and because of this role, they have had a different position. some villages of peri-urban have a good position due to their capacities and tourist attractions. this position is due to the effects of tourism development. a better understanding of these effects can lead to the development of these villages and cities in the area of influence. city-village interactions are carried out in various forms and processes. as a result, part of these interactions is the role and performance of villages. peri-urban villages always have more interactions and connections with urban areas due to their location and spatial location. in this context, the villages that have a superior role and performance always act under the influence of this role, not only their development and expansion is influenced by this role, but its interactions with urban areas are also dependent on this issue. since the host communities play an important role in the implementation of tourism programs. therefore, their participation in the sustainable tourism planning process is essential. the main focus of community-based tourism is on the participation of local communities in the development and planning processes of sustainable tourism. community- tourism is known as a suitable model of sustainable development, which seeks to maximize socio-cultural and economic benefits and minimize negative environmental effects. in line with this type of tourism, the empowerment and development of local communities is considered important and key. community-based tourism leads to the long-term sustainability of tourism through the economic benefit of the destination from tourism in addition to preserving the natural, social, cultural and economic environment. also, community-based tourism is a method of profit flow among all those who are affected by tourism. in fact, this type of tourism, the tourist as a part of the society has a reciprocal relationship with the society and leads to the growth of knowledge and development in the local society. the results obtained in this research showed that these results are consistent with the objectives of community-based tourism including economic, socio-cultural, institutional and conservation aspects. based on this, the aim of this research is to evaluate and measure the effects of community-basedtourism on the development of settlements in coastal villages around bushehr city.methodology: the nature of this applied research; its implementation method is descriptive-analytical; and its type is survey. residents of the coastal villages of bushehr city constitute the statistical population of this research. the statistical sample of this research was determined by cochran’s formula to the number of 400 people. the required data collection was done using documentary and field methods, and the field method is based on questionnaires.