heterogeneous modeling of continuous production of biodiesel in a fixed-bed reactor

Biodiesel, which is also known as fatty acid methyl ester (fame), is a mixture of monoalkylesters of long-chain fatty acids derived from renewable lipid feedstocks, such as vegetable oil andanimal fats# heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification reactions are preferred overhomogeneous reactions for various reasons# conditions effects on transesterification under relativehigh pressure (4#0 mpa) and high temperature (150-180°c) were investigated and a onedimensionalheterogeneous model of a fixed-bed reactor was developed# with the given reactorsize, optimum conditions were proposed as a lhsv (liquid hourly space velocity) of 0#04−0#11 h  , molar ratio of methanol-to-oil of 6-15 and temperature of 448−453 k#