طراحی و ساخت ابزار سنجش فرهنگ زیست محیطی شهروندان و برآورد پایایی و روایی آن:مورد مطالعه شهر بوشهر

امروزه، ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﻧﮕﺮش ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻧﻪ در ﻗﺒﺎل ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﮐﻠﯿﺪی در ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﻣﺪرن و در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، درک ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ آن در ﮔﺮو ﺳﻨﺠﺶ دﻗﯿﻖ آن اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﺳﺎﺧﺖ اﺑﺰار ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ و اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﺳﻨﺠﯽ آن در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮی اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ و دارای روﯾﮑﺮد اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ از روش ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﺗﯿﮏ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر از 15 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ، ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ آﻣﺪ. ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮی اداﻣﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮐﻤّﯽ، ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﻓﺮاد 18ﺳﺎل ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻی ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس آﻣﺎرﻫﺎی ﺳﺎل 1402 ﺗﻌﺪاد آنﻫﺎ ﺣﺪود 425347 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 384 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺧﻮﺷﻪای اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ و ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار amos اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺑﻌﺎد داﻧﺶ، ﻧﮕﺮش و رﻓﺘﺎر زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪای ﺑﺮای ﺳﻨﺠﺶ آن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﯿﻦ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﺑﺮازش ﻣﺪل ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮده و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ داﻧﺶ ﺑﺎ ارزش وﯾﮋه 8/17 ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ درﺻﺪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ )10/76(، ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﺎ ارزش وﯾﮋه 4/68 درﺻﺪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ )6/16( و ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ رﻓﺘﺎر ﺑﺎ ارزشوﯾﮋه 3/97 درﺻﺪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ )5/22( ﮐﻞ را ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺑﺰار ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﺑﺮﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪه ﺳﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ )داﻧﺶ، ﻧﮕﺮش و رﻓﺘﺎر( ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﺑﺰاری ﮐﺎرا در ﻣﺤﯿﻂﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﺑﮕﯿﺮد.

designing and manufacturing tools for assessing the environmental practices of citizens and estimating its reliability and validity; case study: bushehr city

background and purpose: one of the topics studied by thinkers in the fields of social and behavioral sciences is the development of tools for key related concepts. environmental culture, which arises from responsible attitudes towards the environment, is one of the key elements in the process of sustainable development of modern and developing societies. therefore, understanding its nature depends on accurately measuring it. the aim of this study was to design and construct a tool to measure the environmental culture of citizens and estimate its reliability and validity with emphasis on the city of bushehr.review method: the study method in this research is a survey and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. for this purpose, from a total statistical population, a sample of 374 citizens over 18 years of age in bushehr were randomly selected and completed. to standardize and determine the validity and reliability of this tool, various validity tests such as factor analysis were used and for its reliability, internal coordination of items and cronbach’s alpha method were used and statistical analysis was performed using spss and amos software.findings: ; . thus, the knowledge component with eigenvalue of 8.17 has the highest percentage of variance (10.76), the attitude component with eigenvalue of 4.68% of variance (6.16), the behavior component with eigenvalue of 3.97% of variance (5.22) explain the whole. the results of the measurement model (amos) show that the mean root mean square residual (rmr) is 0.627, the mean square root of the estimation error (rmsea) is 0.041, and the normal chi-square index (relative) (cmin / df) equal to 1.626 and the adaptive fit indices (cfi) and the economical adaptive fit index (pcfi) with values of 0.956 and 0.646 approve the model to an acceptable level.