تاثیر هرس میوه بر شاخص های کیفی و عملکرد دو رقم فلفل دلمه ای (.capsicum annuum l)

عملیات هرس در فلفل با کنترل تعداد و اندازه میوه و مدیریت بخش هوایی بوته در ایجاد تعادل بین منبع و مقصد سهیم است. این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل هرس میوه در چهار سطح بدون هرس (شاهد)، هرس 10، 20 و 30 درصد، رقم شامل رقم زرد لوموس (lumos) و رقم قرمز لورکا (lorka) و توالی برداشت شامل چهار سطح برداشت اول، دوم، سوم و چهارم بودند. در طی این پژوهش تاثیر دو فاکتور هرس و رقم بر صفات مورفو-فیزیولوژیکی میوه و تاثیر دو فاکتور هرس و توالی برداشت بر صفات عملکردی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که هرس 10 درصد در رقم زرد موجب افزایش وزن بذر، ضخامت گوشت و شاخص رنگ l* گردید. در رقم قرمز هرس 10 درصد وزن، طول، زمان رسیدن و شاخص رنگ a* میوه را بهبود بخشید. همچنین، هرس 20 درصد منجر به افزایش سفتی ساقه‌گاه، سفتی گلگاه و محتوای آب نسبی میوه شد و هرس 30 درصد بیشترین میزان مواد جامد محلول را در این رقم نشان داد. علاوه ‌بر ‌‌این عملکرد هر دو رقم زرد و قرمز در برداشت سوم با هرس 10 و 20 درصد افزایش پیدا کرد. آنالیز تجزیه به مولفه های اصلی نشان دهنده برتری خواص کمی و کیفی در رقم قرمز در سطوح 10 و 20 درصد هرس بود. به‌طورکلی به نظر می رسد هرس ملایم 10 و 20 درصد (خصوصاً 10 درصد) باعث بهبود خصوصیات کیفی و عملکردی هر دو رقم زرد و قرمز شد.

effect of fruit pruning on qualitative and performance indices of two bell pepper cultivars (capsicum annuum l.)

bell pepper is a popular agricultural product, not only for its economic value but also for the nutritional value of its fruits, which are enriched source of natural colors and antioxidant compounds. during developmental stages, the pepper fruit serves as a significant carbon sink, exerting a notable influence on the growth and carbon levels of adjacent organs including buds, flowers, and immature fruits. the occurrence of abortion and the abscission of flowers and immature fruits can lead to substantial alterations in crop output during the growth cycle. the fruiting patterns are influenced by both environmental conditions and the quantity of fruits. when specific fruits attain ripeness, their rate of sink power decelerates. consequently, a novel fruit set initiates its growth, thereby initiating a fresh cycle of fruit production. consequently, the presence of unpruned plants leads to flash fruiting, characterized by periodic variations in fruit output, thereby constituting a significant challenge in greenhouse cultivation of bell pepper. the purpose of the current experiment was to investigate the effect of fruit pruning and harvest sequence on the yield and qualitative characteristics of two common bell pepper cultivars grown under greenhouse condition.2.materials and methods: this study was conducted in a greenhouse located in the east of isfahan during 2019. a factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design with four replications. the experiment factors included a) fruit pruning at four levels: non-pruning (control), and 10%, 20% and 30% pruning, b) pepper cultivar at two levels: lumos yellow cultivar (from syngenta company) and lorka red cultivar (from seminis company) and c) harvest sequence at four levels: first, second, third and fourth. seeds sowing was done on october 23, 2019. seeds were sown in transplant trays filled with a mixture of peat moss and perlite. subsequently, on december 1, 2019, seedlings were transferred to the primary substrate, when they had developed four to six true leaves. the individuals were relocated to the greenhouse. during this period, the pepper plants were pruned and secured to the taut wires of the trellis. furthermore, the greenhouse temperature was adjusted on 26-28 °c as day temperature and 16-18 °c as night temperature. irrigation was implemented in a strip-wise manner. during this research, the effect of fruit pruning and cultivar on morpho-physiological traits and also, the effect of fruit pruning and harvest sequence on performance characteristics of pepper plant were investigated.3.results and discussion: results indicated that pruning 10 % led to an increase in seed weight, flesh thickness and l* color index of yellow cultivar. the effect of pruning on fruit weight of yellow cultivar during successive harvests revealed that unpruned plants had relatively acceptable fruit weight on first harvest, but the weight of the fruits decreased over the time during subsequent harvests, indicating when fruit pruning is not done the number of fruits increases, and as a result, the weight of each fruit decreases.