تاثیر کاربرد مایکوریزا و عصاره جلبک دریایی بر برخی صفات مورفو - فیزیولوژیکی و محتوای عناصر نشاء بامیه (.abelmoschus esculentus l)

بامیه از دسته سبزی های استوایی و محصولی نیمه گرمسیری بوده که به صورت نشاءکاری پرورش داده می شود. به منظور مطالعه اثر محلول پاشی عصاره جلبک (swe) و تلقیح قارچ مایکوریزا آرباسکولار (amf) بر نشاء بامیه، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار در شرایط گلخانه ای انجام شد. فاکتور اول شامل amf در دو سطح صفر (شاهد) و 5 گرم در کیلوگرم و فاکتور دوم شامل محلول پاشی swe با غلظت های صفر (شاهد)، 1، 2 و 4 گرم در لیتر بود. بر پایه نتایج بدست آمده کاربرد تیمارهای swe و amf سبب بهبود ویژگی های مورفولوژیکی شد و حداکثر قطر، وزن تر و خشک ساقه (4.22 سانتی متر و به ترتیب 4.65 و 1.76 گرم) با مصرف 4 گرم در لیتر swe به همراه amf حاصل گردید. تیمار swe در غلظت های 2 و 4 گرم در لیتر به همراه amf با تولید بیشترین میزان کلروفیل a همراه بود. بیشترین میزان کربوهیدرات در غلظت 4 گرم در لیتر swe به همراه amf (2.95 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تر) و بیشترین میزان فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی کل در تیمار 2 گرم در لیتر swe بدون amf (35.89 درصد) مشاهده شد. در نشاء های تیمارشده با swe 4 گرم در لیتر و amf، غلظت پتاسیم و آهن در برگ و ریشه به ترتیب 53.25، 66.50، 0.1675 و 0.237 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن خشک بدست آمد. براساس نتایج این پژوهش محلول پاشی swe با غلظت 4 گرم در لیتر توام با کاربرد amf می تواند سبب بهبود کیفیت و افزایش رشد نشاء بامیه گردد.

the influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and seaweed extract application on some of morpho-physiological characteristics and nutrient content of okra (abelmoschus esculentus l.) transplants

okra (abelmoschus esculentus) is a tropical and sub-tropical vegetable that is mainly grown by transplantation. technological advances in agriculture have also contributed to the progress of the transplanting industry because they have reduced the cost of transplant production. arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) have symbiotic relationship with many plants’ root and their importance in growth and yield improvement has been proven. mycorrhizal symbiosis is one of the most common symbiosis in plants. the main advantage of amf for host plants is the expansion of the root penetration zone. also, seaweed extract (swe) acts as a bio-stimulant to plant growth enhancement. these products are widely used in improving agricultural sustainability and can actually facilitate the production process by reducing environmental effects. and, the co-application of amf and swe could be attributed to promoting the growth and yield of agricultural crops.2.materials and methods: in order to study the effect of swe foliar application and amf inoculation on okra transplants, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with two factors and four replications under greenhouse condition. the first factor was amf (glomus mosseae) inoculation at two levels included 0 (as control) and 5 g kg-1 and the second factor was swe (ascophyllum nodosum) foliar application at four levels included 0 (as control), 1, 2 and 4 g l-1. the morphological traits of the transplants such as plant height, number of leaves, length and width of the leaves, fresh and dry weight of the root and shoot, and stem diameter were measured. also, in order to assess physiological responses of transplants to used treatments, some important traits such as photosynthesis pigments content, total soluble carbohydrates, total soluble proteins, total antioxidant activity and some macro- and micronutrients were evaluated.3.results and discussion: the results showed that the morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, as well as the nutrient content of okra were significantly affected by swe spraying and amf inoculation. these treatments improved the growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments content, osmolytes (total soluble carbohydrates and total soluble protein), total antioxidant activity, and macro and micro-nutrients of okra transplants. the foliar spraying of 4 g l-1 swe along with amf increased the stem diameter, plant height and leaf length by 72, 85 and 55%, respectively, compared to the control plants. amf inoculation improved the leaf width by 12.83% compared to control. foliar application of swe at 4 g l-1 concentration increased the leaf width by 25% compared to control. the treatment of 4 g l-1 swe along with amf inoculation caused an increase in fresh and dry weight of root by 132.83 and 204.54 %, respectively. the highest content of chlorophyll a (36.51 and 35.79 mg g-1 fw) was observed in transplants treated with swe 2 and 4 g l-1 and amf, respectively, and the lowest content (12.01 mg g-1 fw) was observed in control. the highest content of chlorophyll b (22.21 mg g-1 fw) was obtained in transplants treated with swe 4 g l-1 and amf, and the lowest value was recorded in control (6.51 mg g-1 fw). foliar spraying of swe and amf inoculation led to a 2.7-fold enhancement in total soluble protein compared to control.