isogeometric analysis of vibration characteristics of nano-scale beams based on the integral model of nonlocal elasticity

Free vibration responses of nano-beams are investigated in the present paper based on an isogeometricanalysis (iga). eringen’s nonlocal continuum theory in conjunction with the timoshenko beam model isutilized to obtain the natural frequencies of nano-beams. due to the fact that using the nonlocal elasticity withdifferential form of constitutive equations leads to paradoxical results in some cases, the general integralmodel of constitutive relations is employed. the governing equations of motion are derived in matrix-vectorform which provides an appropriate opportunity to apply the interpolation-based solution methodologies.accordingly, a newly developed approach, iga, is proposed to solve the obtained equations. the stiffnessand inertia matrices are consequently determined by the help of hamilton’s principle. for comparisonpurpose, both integral and differential models have been considered to examine the vibrational behavior ofnano-scale beams with different boundary conditions. as a result, it is found that the paradoxes that exist inthe differential formulation of nonlocal elasticity are resolved by the implementation of integral model.