بررسی موانع توسعه گردشگری روستایی با تاکید بر شاخص های توسعه پایدار مطالعه موردی: بخش میدان شهرستان خانقین عراق

ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﺪﯾﺪی در ﻣﺘﻮن ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ، دارای اﺑﻌﺎد و آﺛﺎر ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺘﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻮﺛﺮی در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﺤﻠﯽ دارد، ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺟﺪاﯾﯽﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ راﻫﺒﺮد ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻄﺮح ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف ﮐﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎی ﻫﺪف ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی ﺑﻬﺶ ﻣﯿﺪان ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺎﻧﻘﯿﻦ ﻋﺮاق ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی و از ﻟﺤﺎظ روش اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮای ﺟﻤﻊآوری اﻃﻼﻋﺎت و دادهﻫﺎی ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز، از ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎی اﺳﻨﺎدی و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ، از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ و ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪی آﻣﺎری در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ 153 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. رواﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﺑﺮای ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎی ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﺪد 0/90 ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ دروﻧﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮای ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ، ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻗﻮی وﺟﻮد دارد، ﮐﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ آن اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی را ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل دارد. ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ وﻣﺸﮑﻼت زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه دوم و ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ زﯾﺮﺑﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ در ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﺑﻌﺪی ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد. ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﺑﺎزارﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داری ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ اﻣﺎ در ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺎرﺳﺎﯾﯿﻬﺎی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی دارﻧﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻻزم و ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﮐﺮدن اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺑﺮای رﻓﻊ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰی وراﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎی ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎی آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ، اﺣﯿﺎء و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ زﯾﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻬﺎی ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﺪن ﺟﺎذﺑﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎی ﻫﺪف ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان در راﺳﺘﺎی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎی ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی ﮔﺎم ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ.

investigating the barriers to the development of rural tourism with an emphasis on sustainable development indicators, a case study: maydan section of khanqin, iraq

rural tourism is a new category in rural development texts, which, like development, has various dimensions and effects. rural tourism is known as an activity that not only plays an effective role in the development of the local economy, but also as one of the integral elements of the sustainable rural development strategy. the general purpose of this research is to examine the barriers to the development of rural tourism with emphasis on the indicators of sustainable development of the target villages for tourism in khanqin, iraq. this research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. to collect the required information and data, document reviews and field studies, such as interviews and questionnaires, have been used. the statistical population in this research is 153 people. the results of the research showed that there is a relatively strong positive and significant correlation between educational and cultural barriers and problems related to tourism development, according to which the increase in educational and cultural barriers leads to an increase in tourism development problems. environmental obstacles and problems are in the second place and infrastructure obstacles are in the next place in terms of importance. marketing and management barriers do not have a significant relationship with the dependent variable, but in the regression analysis, they have an increasing effect on the shortcomings of tourism development. therefore, by taking the necessary measures and providing opportunities and services to solve problems through planning and appropriate strategies, including developing educational programs, revitalizing and developing rural tourism infrastructures, and introducing and introducing tourism attractions and products. the target villages can be taken in the direction of the development of the target villages from the perspective of tourism.