طراحی مدل توسعه کسب و کارهای کوچک و متوسط با تاکید بر نقش اقتصاد مقاومتی

کسب‌وکارهای کوچک و متوسط از راهکارهای بسیار موثر و اساسی جهت توسعه همه جانبه یک کشور محسوب می‌شوند. از ﻃﺮﻓﯽ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد اﯾﺮان ﺑﺮای رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ اﻫﺪاف ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪای ﻏﯿﺮ از ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری در ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎی داﺧﻠﯽ، ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻢﻫﺎی اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪیﻫﺎی دروﻧﯽ ﺑﺮای ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺸﺎرﻫﺎی ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﺴﺨﻪای ﺑﻮﻣﯽ، ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ روﯾﺎروی اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی اﺳﺖ و از روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ دادهﺑﻨﯿﺎد ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﻬﺮه ﻣﯽﺑﺮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻣﺪﯾﺮان، ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﯿﻦ و ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن ﮐﺴﺐوﮐﺎرﻫﺎی ﮐﻮﭼﮏ و ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻟﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ آنﻫﺎ 18 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ از ﻧﻮع ﮔﻠﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺮﻓﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮای ﮔﺮدآوری دادهﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻣﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﮔﺮدآوری دادهﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮی اداﻣﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﮐﺪﮔﺬاری ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪای اﺷﺘﺮاوس و ﮐﻮرﺑﯿﻦ (1990) اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺪل ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد؛ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ اﺻﻠﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺴﺐوﮐﺎر ﮐﻮﭼﮏ و ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻟﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، ﻃﺮح ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺎن، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻋﻠﯽ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در اﯾﻦ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎی ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰی؛ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ زﻣﯿﻨﻪای ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻓﻀﺎی ﮐﺴﺐوﮐﺎر؛ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪﮔﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ راﻫﺒﺮدی ﻧﯿﺰ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎی ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮی اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮی اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺴﺐوﮐﺎرﻫﺎی ﮐﻮﭼﮏ و ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ، ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪ ﺷﺪن ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن، اﺛﺒﺎت ﮐﺎرآﻣﺪی اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ، رﺷﺪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪﮔﺬاری در ﮐﺴﺐوﮐﺎر، ﻣﺮدﻣﯽ ﺳﺎزی اﻗﺘﺼﺎد و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻓﻨﺎوری در اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺴﺐوﮐﺎر ﺧﻮاﻫﯿﻢ ﺑﻮد.

designing a development model for smes based on resistive economy

small and medium-sized businesses are one of the most effective and fundamental strategies for the comprehensive development of a country. therefore, the importance of paying attention to creating small and medium-sized businesses in different parts of the country is quite evident. the present study was conducted with the aim of designing a development model for small and medium-sized businesses in lorestan province. the present study is applied in terms of purpose and uses the qualitative research method with grounded theory. the population was managers, specialists and sme’s owners of lorestan province; which, 18 people were selected using purposive sampling method of snowball strategy. semi-structured interviews were used to collect research data. the data collection process continued to the level of theoretical saturation. qualitative data analysis was performed using the three-step coding method of strauss and corbin (1990). the model obtained from this study showed that the main category that leads to the development of sme’s in lorestan province is the resistance development plan. among these, the effective causal factors in this process include the components of access conditions and planning; underlying factors include improving the business environment; interfering factors include components of barriers and strategic factors also include components of using resistance economics. finally, by using resistance economics as sme’s development strategies, we see the empowerment of employees, proving the effectiveness of resistance economics, growth of investment in business, democratization of economy and development of technology in business creation.