الگوی توازن دیوان ‌سالاری و مردم‌ سالاری سازمانی مبتنی بر تحلیل مضمون نهج‌البلاغه: سیمای سازمان ‌های متعالی در تمدن نوین اسلامی

تعامل دیوان ‌سالاری (بوروکراسی) و مردم ‌سالاری (دموکراسی) یکی از مهم‌ترین مباحث در عرصه‌ی مدیریت دولتی و رویکردی جهت بسترسازی سازمان‌های متعالی در تمدن نوین اسلامی است. به نظر می‌رسد کارآیی که مهم‌ترین مسئله در سازمان‌ها است از طریق نظام بوروکراتیک تحصیل می‌شود و برای جلوگیری از تبدیل‌شدن به یک ساختار اتوکراتیک نیاز به پاسخگویی است که در مفهوم مردم‌سالاری قابل تحقق می‌باشد. هدف ما در پژوهش حاضر، بررسی و تحلیل الگوی توازن دیوان‌سالاری و مردم‌سالاری از منظر سیره علوی در نهج‌البلاغه می­باشد و تبیین آن در یک نظام یکپارچه است. این پژوهش به لحاظ هدف، بنیادی و از حیث روش، کیفی بوده و دارای رویکرد استقرایی می باشد. جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌های حاصل از مطالعه متون و همچنین طراحی الگوی نهایی از تکنیک تحلیل مضمون بهره گرفته‌شده است. بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش و معیارهای احصاء شده به مفهوم ایجاد توازن بین دیوان‌سالاری و مردم‌سالاری پرداخته شد که آن هم منجر به طراحی یک الگو از معیارها در قاب تلفیقی دیوان‌سالاری و مردم‌سالاری گردید. این الگوی مدون دارای 12 مقوله اصلی می‌باشد. نتایج بیانگر این است که اصول نظام‌مند مدیریت پیاده‌سازی شده توسط امام علی (ع) خود نمودی از توجه و ایجاد توازن بین دیوان‌سالاری و مردم‌سالاری می باشد که نگرش و اندیشه امروزی در عرصه مدیریت به این مهم دست‌یافته است و می‌تواند به‌عنوان چارچوبی برای تحقق تعالی سازمانی در تمدن نوین اسلامی باشد.

a model of balance between bureaucracy and organizational democracy based on thematic analysis of nahj al-balagheh: the image of exemplary organizations in the modern islamic civilization

purpose: the interaction of bureaucracy and democracy is one of the most important topics in the public administration and an approach to the establishment of exemplary organizations in the modern islamic civilization. it seems that efficiency, which is the most important issue in organizations, is studied through the bureaucratic system, and in order to avoid becoming an autocratic structure, there is a need for accountability, which can be realized in the concept of democracy. this study aimed at examining and analyzing the balance pattern of bureaucracy and democracy from the perspective of alavi way of life in nahj al-balagheh and explain it in an integrated system. in this research, for the first time, inspired by the texts of nahj al-balagheh, the interaction between the two concepts of bureaucracy and organizational democracy has been examined and a conceptual model of this theoretical framework has been presented, which is unprecedented in previous researches.methodology: this study is fundamentally in terms of purpose and employs a qualitative methodology with an inductive approach. thematic analysis technique has been used to analyze the data obtained from the study of the texts and also to design the final model. in this research, the stability index method, which refers to the consistency of data classification over time, has been used to measure reliability. the reliability calculated for this research using this method was 86%, which is more than 60%, so it can be said that the reliability of the coding of this research is confirmed. society in this research is the text of nahj al-balagheh book. after referring to the text of nahj al-balagheh, the researcher used all the texts that were related to the purpose of the research and could be related to management and governance issues.findings: benefiting from qualitative research, especially the method of thematic analysis,becomes important when there is little information about the phenomenon under investigation, or when there is a theoretical framework that comprehensively explains the subject in the researches conducted in relation to the subject in question. to pay, not available. the current research has been carried out by following the six-step framework of thematic analysis presented by clark and brown (2006). based on the research findings and the calculated criteria, the concept of creating a balance between bureaucracy and democracy was discussed, which led to the design of a model of criteria in the integrated framework of bureaucracy and democracy. this coded model has 12 main categories. the six main concepts related to bureaucracy were: supervision and control, delegation of authority, meritocracy, responsibility and accountability, service compensation and impersonal principle. also, the six main concepts of democracy are: criticism, continuous communication, transparency of information, organizational commitment, optimal allocation of facilities and training and development.