تاثیر هشت هفته تمرینات هوازی در خشکی و آب بر سطوح بتااندورفین پلاسمایی در زنان باردار

ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﺗﺮﺷﺢ ﺑﺘﺎ اﻧﺪورﻓﯿﻦ را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ. ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﺘﺎاﻧﺪورﻓﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺷﺪت و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ورزش ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ درد و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﺮﺧﻮﺷﯽ را ﺑﺪﻧﺒﺎل دارد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻋﻤﺪه آﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﯿﮑﯽ و ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ در ﺑﺎرداری، ﺑﻪﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮارد و ﻣﺸﮑﻠﺎﺗﯽ در زﻧﺎن ﺑﺎردار وﺟﻮد دارد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ اﺟﺮای ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪﻫﺎی ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻫﺪف از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ دو ﻧﻮع ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازی در ﺧﺸﮑﯽ و آب ﺑﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ﭘﻠﺎﺳﻤﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺘﺎ اﻧﺪورﻓﯿﻦ در زﻧﺎن اﺳﺖ.در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ 36زن ﺑﺎردار ﺑﺎ ﺳﻦ ﺑﺎرداری 24- 25 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل (a)، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ در ﺧﺸﮑﯽ (b) و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ در آب (c) ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺟﻠﺴﻪای ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪت زﻣﺎن 60 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت 60 ﺗﺎ 70 درﺻﺪ ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ﺿﺮﺑﺎن ﻗﻠﺐ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮی ﺑﺘﺎاﻧﺪورﻓﯿﻦ ﭘﻠﺎﺳﻤﺎ ﭘﯿﺶ و ﭘﺲ از دوره ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺧﻮﻧﮕﯿﺮی ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار spss در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداری 0,05 اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺑﺘﺎاﻧﺪورﻓﯿﻦ ﭘﻠﺎﺳﻤﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازی ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار در ﺳﻄﻮح ﺑﺘﺎاﻧﺪورﻓﯿﻦ ﭘﻠﺎﺳﻤﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ در آب و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ در ﺧﺸﮑﯽ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ در ﺳﻄﻮح ﺑﺘﺎااﻧﺪورﻓﯿﻦ ﭘﻠﺎﺳﻤﺎﯾﯽ در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ در آب ﺑﺎرزﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ رﺳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازی ﻣﻨﻈﻢ و ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ در ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﻫﻮازی در آب ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺑﺘﺎاﻧﺪرﻓﯿﻦ ﭘﻠﺎﺳﻤﺎﯾﯽ در زﻧﺎن ﺑﺎردار را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ دﻫﺪ و در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﺮﺧﻮﺷﯽ و ﺗﺤﻤﻞ درد در دوران ﺑﺎرداری و زاﯾﻤﺎن را ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺑﺨﺸﺪ.

Evaluating the effect of two types of longterm exercise in land and water on plasma βendorphin level in pregnant women

By creating specific physical and mental changes in women’s lives, pregnancy not only affects their perceptions of quality of life, but also makes it difficult for them to perform certain movements to carry out everyday activities. It is recommended for pregnant women to participate in regular and intensive physical activity programs, since they have been shown to be effective and safe during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise in land and water on plasma βendorphin level in pregnant women. For this purpose, 36 pregnant women aged 2430 years were randomly assigned to one of the three groups of control (A), exercise in land (B), or exercise in water (C) in their third or second pregnancy. After blood sampling to assess the level of βendorphin, the exercise group performed aerobic exercises in water at 6070% of maximum heart rate for 60 minutes, three sessions per week for 8 weeks. The exercise group performed aerobic exercises with similar intensity and duration out of water environment and at sports hall. The control group continued their normal life during this period. Plasma βendorphin changes in all three groups showed that aerobic exercise increased plasma βendorphin level significantly. Comparing the plasma βendorphin levels between two groups of exercise in water and exercise in land showed that increase in the level of βendorphin was significantly more in exercise in water group than that in two other groups.