optimization of sustainable-robust biofuel supply chain under uncertainty

The increased knowledge about environment and decline in reservoirs of fossil resources has led the industry to enhance and produce other sustainable fuels by using renewable, which are environmentally acceptable. biofuel is a kind of fuel derived from biomass resources. biomass is also the source of fossil fuels that are used today; however, this biomass has been formed over long years. the reduction in fossil fuel resources and the destructive effect of these fuels on the environment have made researchers replace such resources. therefore, the extant study presented a multi-objective mathematical model for a biofuel sustainable supply chain, by consideration of demand uncertainty. finally, the research developed the mathematical model considering uncertainty and using bertsimas and sim robustness approach. according to the proposed model, sustainability objectives were discussed and investigated, including economic, social, and environmental issues. ultimately, the presented model was confirmed by using the epsilon constrained method (ε constrained method) and the model was validated using the integrated ε constrained-benders approach.