تحلیل سرعت روایت رمان طریق بسمل شدن دولت‌آبادی بر پایه روایت‌شناسی ژرار ژنت

سرعت روایت، عنصر سازه‌ای و مهم در شکل‌گیری داستان و رمان است که از جنبه های مهم و اصلی در روایت رمان به‌شمار می‌آید، ژرار ژنت (1930-2018) نظریه‌پرداز و نشانه‌شناس فرانسوی، اختصاص یک تکه کوتاه از متن به مدت زمان درازی از داستان را سرعت مثبت و برعکس آن را سرعت منفی می‌نامید. موضوع رمان طریق بسمل شدن اثر محمود دولت آبادی در زمینۀ جنگ ایران و عراق است که با سبک و سیاقی پیچیده و با بهره گیری از عناصر اسطوره ای، بینامتنیت های گوناگون تاریخی، روابط تاریخی میان اعراب و ایرانیان و... به رشته تحریر در آمده است. جستار حاضر خوانشی است که با روش اسنادی – توصیفی، سرعت روایت در این رمان را بر پایه نظریة ژنت تبیین می‌کند تا به این پرسش پاسخ دهد که کدامیک از عناصر‌ سرعت ‌روایت با توجه به نظریة ژنت در این اثر تبلور یافته است؟ نتیجة به‌دست آمده نشان می‌دهد، توازنی در عوامل کاهش سرعت و افزایش سرعت در رمان وجود ندارد، بلکه کفه سنگین کاهش سرعت متن، بر اثر بینامتنیت‌های تاریخی و غیره، به‌طور دائم خواننده را درگیر گره گشایی و چالش‌های ذهنی می‌کند تا با تعمق بیشتر و با مراجعه به  تاریخ و دیگر آثار به درک معنای واقعی رمان برسد.

analyzing the speed of the novel’s narration in tarigh besmel shodan by dovlatabadi’s based on gérard genet’s narratology

narrative speed is a structural and important element in the formation of stories and novels, which is considered as one of the importannarrative speed is a structural and important element in theformation of stories and novels, which is considered as one of theimportant and main aspects in the narrative of novels. gerard genet(1930-2018), a french theorist and semiotician, dedicates a shortpiece of text to a long period of time. the story is called positivespeed and its opposite is called negative speed. the subject of thenovel is the development of mahmoud dovlatabadi's work in thecontext of the iran-iraq war, which is presented in a complex styleand context, using mythological elements, various historicalintertextualities, historical relations between arabs and iranians, etc.it has become a field of writing. the present essay is a reading thatexplains the speed of the narrative in this novel based on gennet'stheory with a documentary-description method to answer thequestion that which of the elements of the speed of the narrative hascrystallized in this work according to gennet's theory? the obtainedresult shows that there is no balance in the factors of slowing downand speeding up in the novel, but the heavy burden of slowing downthe text, due to historical intertextuality, etc., constantly engages thereader in unraveling knots and mental conflicts, so that with moremeditation and to understand the real meaning of the novel byreferring to history and other works.930-2018), a french theorist and semiotician, dedicates a short piece of text to a long period of time. the story is called positive speed and its opposite is called negative speed. the subject of the novel is the development of mahmoud dovlatabadi’s work in the context of the iran-iraq war, which is presented in a complex style and context, using mythological elements, various historical intertextualities, historical relations between arabs and iranians, etc. it has become a field of writing. the present essay is a reading that explains the speed of the narrative in this novel based on gennet’s theory with a documentary-description method to answer the question that which of the elements of the speed of the narrative has crystallized in this work according to gennet’s theory? the obtained result shows that there is no balance in the factors of slowing down and speeding up in the novel, but the heavy burden of slowing down the text, due to historical intertextuality, etc., constantly engages the reader in unraveling knots and mental conflicts, so that with more meditation and to understand the real meaning of the novel by referring to history and other works.