evaluation of complications in robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery compared to open radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder reconstruction

Radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder reconstruction is a complex procedure affecting both the urinary and digestive systems. this study aims to compare postoperative complications of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery (rarc) versus open radical cystectomy (orc) using the clavien-dindo classification. we conducted a prospective study on patients undergoing radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder reconstruction via rarc or orc at binh dan hospital from january 2020 to september 2024. postoperative complications were recorded within 90 days and classified using the clavien-dindo system. the overall 90-day complication rate was 76.5%, with a significantly higher rate in the orc group compared to the rarc group (or = 5.11, 95% ci: 1.71-15.23). most complications were mild. severe complications occurred in 6.1% of orc patients and 4.1% of rarc patients (p=0.005). no significant association was found between prognostic factors and complication severity. rarc with orthotopic neobladder reconstruction was associated with a lower complication rate than orc. long-term follow-up is essential for all patients to ensure early detection and management of complications.