prognostic and survival impact of xrcc1 and tp53 polymorphisms and targeted genetic profiling in acute leukemias

Genetic polymorphisms play critical roles in tumor suppression, potentially influencing prognosis, survival, and treatment outcomes. this study evaluates the impact of xrcc1 arg194trp and tp53 arg72pro polymorphisms on prognosis and survival outcomes in aml and all patients. a case-control study included 580 acute leukemia patients (300 aml, 280 all) and 350 healthy controls. blood samples were analyzed for genetic and biochemical parameters. quantitative rt-pcr assessed gene expression, and pcr-based genotyping determined xrcc1 and tp53 polymorphisms. kaplan-meier survival analysis was performed to evaluate survival outcomes. the xrcc1 arg194trp polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of all (arg/trp genotype or = 1.40, p = 0.02), though the effect size is small and may limit clinical significance. no significant association was observed with aml. tp53 arg72pro polymorphism was not significantly associated with susceptibility in either leukemia type. genetic markers such as asxl1, idh1, and myc amplifications were elevated in aml (p < 0.001) and correlated with poorer survival outcomes, with asxl1 rq linked to the shortest median survival (15 months, 1-year survival: 40%, p < 0.005). in all, myc amplifications and asxl1 rq similarly predicted poorer survival (median survival: 20–22 months, p < 0.05). overall, all patients exhibited better survival than aml, with higher 1-year and 2-year survival rates. xrcc1 arg194trp is associated with all susceptibility, although the effect size is modest. asxl1 and myc amplifications are significant predictors of poor survival in both aml and all. comprehensive genetic and clinical profiling highlights the importance of integrating molecular markers into risk stratification for acute leukemias.