overview of adherent-invasive 𝐸𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑖 and inflammatory bowel disease

This review explores the key role of adherent-invasive escherichia coli (aiec) in the pathogenesis of crohn’s disease (cd), with a particular focus on the regulatory mechanisms enabling its survival and persistence within the inflamed gut. this study highlights bacterial small regulatory rnas (srnas) in modulating aiec’s stress responses, metabolic processes, and virulence factors. the research highlights key srnas such as oxys, micf, ryhb, and gcvb, which essential for aiec’s survival in the inflamed gut. these srnas regulate different biological processes, including iron homeostasis, oxidative stress responses, and metabolic adaptation to the host environment. the review also discusses how aiec evades host defenses and contributes to chronic inflammation. furthermore, the study explores therapeutic strategies to combat aiec colonization, including antibiotics, phage therapy, and anti-adhesion molecules. particular attention is given to innovative approaches based on targeting bacterial regulatory rnas, which show promise for disrupting aiec persistence in cd patients. the potential of srna-based diagnostics and therapeutics is also discussed, highlighting the significance of understanding the complex regulatory networks of aiec srnas for developing effective treatments. this review provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying aiec pathogenesis and identifies potential targets for future therapeutic interventions in crohn’s disease management.