modern strategies of surgical treatment of ischemic stroke: the role of carotid endarterectomy

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of reconstructive surgery for atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid arteries and to analyze its impact on neurological status and blood pressure in patients. a total of 755 patients underwent surgical treatment at the department of cardiovascular surgery, state republican clinical hospital of the kabardino-balkarian republic in nalchik, between 2010 and 2020. a comprehensive clinical and instrumental assessment was conducted to evaluate neurological function, blood pressure, and rheological parameters. postoperative outcomes showed an overall mortality rate of 0.4% (3 deaths out of 755 patients) (95% ci: 0.1–1.2%). neurological improvement was observed in 86% of patients, with complete relief or significant reduction of neurological deficits. systolic blood pressure decreased significantly from 165 mmhg preoperatively to 125 mmhg within one year postoperatively (p < 0.01 ). additionally, the frequency of hypertensive crises was reduced by 12±3.4% (p < 0.01 ). these results indicated that the reconstructive procedures performed demonstrated high efficacy in improving cerebral blood flow and managing blood pressure in patients with atherosclerotic carotid artery disease.