comparisons of expression er alpha, gper, pgr, ctr1, and p53 in sensitive and resistant hgsoc to platinum-based chemotherapy

The high mortality rate in ovarian cancer is due to challenges in early detection, with 70% of cases diagnosed at advanced stages. standard chemotherapy, combining carboplatin or cisplatin with paclitaxel (response rate: 50-80%), has been used for the past two decades. although many patients initially respond, 80% relapse due to platinum resistance. this study aims to evaluate erα, gper, pgr, ctr1, and p53 expression in platinum-sensitive and resistant high-grade serous ovarian cancer (hgsoc) patients. this analytical observational study, with a retrospective cross-sectional design, assessed expression via h-scores in hgsoc cases at dr. soetomo general academic hospital, surabaya, indonesia, from 2019 to 2024. most patients in both groups were diagnosed with stage iiic hgsoc. gper expression differed significantly between platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant patients, with higher levels in the resistant group (p = 0.003), whereas no significant differences were observed in erα, pgr, ctr1, or p53 expression. a significant correlation was found between ctr1 and pgr expression in the sensitive group (p = 0.030, r = 0.390). this study underscores gper’s role in identifying platinum resistance and highlights a notable ctr1-pgr relationship in sensitive hgsoc patients.