assessment of lipid peroxidation markers in type 2 diabetes patients with and without diabetic kidney disease

Diabetic kidney disease (dkd) is a serious adverse clinical outcome of diabetes. the dkd diagnosis is difficult due to insensitive biomarkers, such asestimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uacr), resulting in delays and invasive procedures. the aim of this study was to investigate the associations between lipid peroxidation (lpo) markers, comprising malondialdehyde (mda), 8-iso-prostaglandin f2α, and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-hne) with egfr and uacr among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) without and with dkd. 87 t2dm patients, both with and without dkd, were recruited in the study. blood and urine of all patients were collected, and measurements of blood glucose, hba1c, lipid profile, creatinine, uacr, egfr, mda, 8-iso-prostaglandin f2α, and 4-hne were done.  the concentrations of lpo markers in patients with dkd were significantly elevated than in those with t2dm. the results revealed a positive correlation between uacr and lpo markers. in addition, an inverse relationship was found between lpo markers and egfr. lpo markers  which discriminate the patients with t2dm who suffer from dkd from those without complications. in this regard, the area under the curve (auc) was detected for mda (auc = 0.9902, 95% confidence interval (ci): 0.9737 to 1.0, p