early diagnosis of breast cancer: integration of ultrasound imaging and biochemical markers

Every eighth woman in the world is faced with breast cancer. early detection of breast cancer significantly increases the chances of successful treatment and saves the lives of patients. a prospective study of 456 patients aged 30-65 years was conducted, including 128 women with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer. a comprehensive clinical and diagnostic examination was performed, including ultrasound examination of the mammary glands and regional lymph nodes, as well as determination of levels of ca-15-3, ca-27-29, cancer embryonic antigen (cea), epithelial specific antigen (esa), lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), and alkaline phosphatase. the aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive breast cancer diagnosis using ultrasound imaging and biochemical markers. ultrasound revealed characteristic pathological changes: hypoechoic formations (89.1%), impaired tissue architecture (74.5%), microcalcifications (31.2%), vascular changes (68.7%), and enlarged lymph nodes (37.5%). the high diagnostic value of the method has been established: sensitivity - 87.5%, specificity - 92.3%, and accuracy - 90.1%. a statistically significant increase in all studied biochemical markers was revealed in the main group. the highest diagnostic accuracy was noted when conducting a study on the 5th-10th day of the menstrual cycle. thus, a comprehensive diagnosis combining ultrasound with the determination of biochemical markers demonstrates high efficiency in the early detection of breast cancer. combining diagnostic methods improves accuracy to 93.4%. the method is especially effective in young women with a dense breast tissue.