𝐼𝑛 𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑜 and 𝑖𝑛 𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑜 alpha glucosidase inhibition of myricitrin isolated from syzygium cumini var.album leaves

Natural antidiabetic drugs have been explored as alternatives to widely used medications especially due to their lower incidence of side effects. syzygium cumini has traditionally been used to treat diabetes patients. this report describes the isolation of the flavonoid glycoside myricitrin from a 70% ethanolic extract of s. cumini var. album using a bioassay-guided isolation approach. selected fractions were isolated using radial chromatography. the structure elucidation of the isolated compound was carried out based on nmr spectroscopy data. in vitro testing of myricitrin show high antidiabetic activity through the mechanism of inhibiting the alpha-glucosidase enzyme  with an ic50 value of 46.03 ± 0.25 μg/ml, comparable to acarbose, which had an ic50 value of 45.84 ± 0.27 μg/ml. molecular docking results showed that myricitrin had a δg of -3.89 kcal/mol compared to acarbose, which had -4.41 kcal/mol. myricitrin interacts with alpha-glucosidase by forming hydrogen bonds with his626, asp469, met470, asp357, arg552, asp630, and asp568, as well as four hydrophobic interactions with ala234, trp329, trp432, and ala628, and an electronic bond with asp568. this binding property indicates similarities between myricitrin and acarbose. this study reports the findings of myricitrin isolated from s. cumini var. album, showing promising results for development as a diabetes medication that works by inhibiting the enzyme alpha-glucosidase.