analysis of lower urinary tract symptoms (luts) in diabetes mellitus type 2 (dm2) patients at an indonesian primary health care: a cross-sectional study

Lower urinary tract symptoms (luts) commonly develop in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (dm2). the prevalence rate of luts among dm2 patients in indonesia remains uncertain. however, more than half of luts patients could be treated conservatively, making it suitable for management in primary health care (phc). this study aims to describe the prevalence rate of luts, and related factors associated with the presence of luts among dm2 patients. this study was conducted at phc in rembang city, central java, indonesia. over 3 months, data were collected from a total of 131 male and female dm2 patients with questionnaires consisting of sociodemographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory examination results, and international prostate symptoms score in indonesian language (ipss-ina). prevalence ratio (pr) calculation and chi-square test were performed. adjustment of pr value with regular amlodipine consumption in the past month factor resulted in adjusted pr (apr) value. p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. the luts prevalence among 131 dm2 subjects was 75.57%. luts was significantly associated with age (p = 0.002), hyperglycemia (p = <0.001), duration of dm2 diagnosis (p = 0.006), amlodipine consumption in the past 1 month (p = <0.001), and parity amount (female) (p = 0.015). advanced age, hyperglycemia, duration of dm2 diagnosis, regular amlodipine consumption in the past month, and higher parity (female) increased the risk of luts in dm2 patients.