effect of superoxide dismutase melon gliadin (𝐶𝑢𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑠 𝑀𝑒𝑙𝑜) on blood serum and vitreoretina levels of tnf-α and il-1β in diabetic model rat

Chronic hyperglycemic is associated with diabetic retinopathy, which is a type of microvascular complication. this study was conducted to determines the impact of oral superoxide dismutase (sod) melon gliadin on the levels of blood serum tnf-α as well as the levels of vitreous retina in hyperglycemic rat models. an experimental study was conducted using 28 experimental wistar rats. the rats were divided into four groups: normal (control), injected with streptozotocin (stz) 55 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally (hyperglycemia group), normal rats given sod melon gliadin 50 mg/kg body weight/day per oral, and stz+sod (treatment group). after four weeks collecting blood sampling and enucleations, intramuscular anesthesia was performed to terminate rats. elisa method showed tnf-α levels in serum plasma and vitreous retina were significantly elevated in the hyperglycemic group compared to the control group p<0.05 (p=0.000 and p=0.001), as well as in the hyperglycemia group compared to the treatment group (p=0.002 and p=0.002). il-1β levels in serum plasma and vitreous retina were significantly elevated in the hyperglycemic group compared to the control group p<0.05(p=0.000 and p=0.000), as well as in the hyperglycemia group compared to the treatment group (p=0.000 dan p=0.000). sod melon gliadin (cucumis melo) have an anti-inflammatory effect and able to reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tnf-α which a result of oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia.