assessment of biocompatibility and toxicity of basic copper carbonate nanoparticles stabilized with biological macromolecules

The purpose of this work was to develop a synthesis technique and study the physico-chemical properties of copper carbonate nanoparticles (cc-nps) stabilized with biopolymers to assess their biocompatibility and toxicity. for the synthesis of cc-nps, cu(ch3coo)2 and cucl2 were used as cu precursors, while k₂co₃, (nh₄)₂co₃ and (nh₄)₂co₃ were used as precipitators. the following biopolymers were used as stabilizing agents: chitosan, methylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and hyaluronic acid. the experimental data showed that cu(ch3coo)2 is the optimal precursor and (nh4)2co3 is the optimal precipitator for the production of cc-nps. the optimal sample consists of spherical aggregates with a diameter of 0.6 to 1.0 µm formed by nanoparticles with a diameter of 30 to 80 nm. this sample has a phase composition of cu2(oh)2co3. all considered biopolymers were appropriate for stabilization of cc-nps, but hyaluronic acid was selected as the optimal stabilizing agent. interestingly, 10 mg of cc-nps+ha powder caused 100% mortality of chicken embryos. the structural and surface properties of cc-nps+ha powder allowed it to be absorbed on the surface of cam while preserving the implantation site throughout the experiment. it is worth noting that the implantation of the cc-nps+ha sample was accompanied by a clearly identified degradation of small and large vessels. thus, the results of cam assay indicate pronounced toxic changes in cam under the action of cc-nps+ha. surprisingly, despite the fact that cu is an essential trace element, the developed cc-nps+ha complex is characterized by low biocompatibility and high toxicity.