factors affecting insulin-like growth factor-1 in type 1 diabetes mellitus in children

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (t1dm) is a chronic metabolic disease caused by insulin deficiency due to damage to pancreatic beta cells. the growth impairment in children with t1dm could be caused by  insulin-like growth factor-1 (igf-1). the factors that affect igf-1 in t1dm are complex. this study aimed to evaluate the correlation between hba1c, dka (diabetic ketoacidosis) number, and illness duration toward igf-1 in t1dm in children. our study used cross sectional design, and was conducted between january 2023 to january 2024 at the polyclinic of dr. soetomo hospital. children with t1dm who were 2-18 years old were registered using consecutive sample collections. the variables assessed in this study were igf-1 levels, hba1c levels, number of diabetes ketoacidosis (dka), duration, and height z-score. pearson correlation was employed for statistical analyses using spss version 17.0, with p <0.05 indicating statistical significance. a total of 71 children were included in this study (39 boys; mean (sd) age 12.60 (4.01) y). about 98.5% of subjects had low igf-1 (mean (sd) 9.47 (6.69) ng/ml), and 54% had poor glycemic control (mean (sd) hba1c 9.22 (2.14)%). hba1c, dka number, and illness duration showed a significant negative correlation with igf-1 [(p= 0.002; r= (-0.368)), (p= 0.011; r= (-0.302)), and (p= 0.015; r = (-0.286))], respectively. the glycemic control, the illness duration, and the number of dka are the important factors affecting low igf-1 levels in t1dm children. children with poor glycemic control and longer duration of illness are associated with low igf-1.