two rare cases of ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumor highlighting the spectrum of clinicopathological presentation in young females: a case series

We report two cases of ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumors (ojgcts). granulosa cell tumors are a rare type of ovarian stromal sex cord tumor with an incidence of 0.4-1.7 per 100,000 women. the juvenile granulosa cell tumor is one subtype. it accounts for only 0.1% of all ovarian tumors and 4-5% of granulosa cell tumors. two cases of ojgct are presented. the first case involved a 2-year-old child with vaginal bleeding, breast enlargement, and a pelvic mass. sex hormone tests revealed low fsh and lh levels with elevated  estradiol (e2). tumor markers showed elevated ldh and ca-125 levels. mri confirmed a right ovarian cyst, hydroureter, mild hydronephrosis, and precocious puberty. the tumor measured approximately 5.2 x 10.9 x 11.8 cm on a ct scan. laparoscopic right oophorectomy was performed. the second case involved a 16-year-old with menometrorrhagia, abdominal pain, and a pelvic mass. mri confirmed a right ovarian cyst, hydroureter and mild hydronephrosis. the tumor measured ± 8.5 x 12 x 12.5 cm on a ct scan. right salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. early detection and intervention are crucial for managing ojgct. most patients are young and have a good prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of 90-100% for stage i tumors.