epithelial-mesenchymal transition: a novel target for preventing and treating peri-implant diseases

Peri-implant disease refers to conditions that adversely affect the tissues surrounding dental implants, posing significant risks to their long-term success. although the roles of bacterial biofilms and host inflammatory responses in these diseases are well-established, the potential involvement of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (emt) remains unexplored. this narrative review examines the possible link between emt and peri-implant disease, contrasting it with periodontal disease, where emt is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor. the discussion centers on peri-implant mucosa—the soft tissue barrier around implants—its development, and its comparison with periodontal soft tissue. the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis is analyzed, focusing on the interplay between microbial biofilms, host factors, and genetic polymorphisms. a comprehensive review of emt covers its various forms, underlying molecular mechanisms, and key transcription factors. evidence suggests that emt may contribute to the compromise of the epithelial barrier and, similar to periodontitis, influence disease progression. specific research gaps, such as the limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying emt in peri-implant disease and the lack of studies on genetic polymorphisms related to emt, are identified and discussed. the review suggests targeted approaches to address these gaps, including advanced molecular studies and the exploration of genetic factors influencing emt-related changes in peri-implant tissues.