a challenge in managing fetal congenital total avb with negative anti-ro and anti-la and positive anti nuclear antibody pregnant woman: a case report

Atrioventricular block (avb) occurs in approximately one in 15,000 to 20,000 live births. congenital complete av block (avb) may arise from various mechanisms, whether immune-mediated or otherwise. in the context of immune-mediated av block, a variety of factors contribute to its development, often including the passage of maternal autoantibodies (anti-ro/ssa and/or anti-la/ssb) across the placenta. of all avbs, 40% are predominantly linked to maternal antibodies positive for ssa/ro or ssb/la. through placental circulation, these antibodies may cause immune-mediated inflammation or fibrosis in fetal cardiac tissues, which is crucial for conduction. presented here is a case of complete congenital atrioventricular block in the fetus, characterized by negative maternal ro/ssa and la/ssb but positive in the anti nuclear antibody test. the baby was delivered by cesarean section at term with apgar scores of 7 and 8, and a temporary pacemaker was installed at one day old, leading to a favorable outcome.