on the therapeutic applications of music therapy in persian medicine

Music history is as old as human history and it has been used as a way to reduce human suffering.persian medicine (pm) scholars as one of the oldest traditional medicines applied music for healthand disease management. this study aims to introduce some of the views and recommendations of pmsages about importance and application of music in disease improvement. definition and applicationsof music were collected from main pm medical text books and then databases including science direct,pubmed, scopus and google scholar were searched to evaluation the efficacy of pm recommendationsin conventional medicine from 1980-jan-1 to 2020-nov-1. pm used music and melody with severalinstruments to calm and soothe mind and body. great pm scientists like rhazes (10th), farabi (10th) andqutb o din (14th), were dominant figures in terms of musical knowledge. they used music for treatmentof several conditions including nervous system diseases (headache and epilepsy), sleep disorders, heartweakness and palpitation, digestive system disorders (gastrointestinal ulcer and appetite), sexual dysfunction,and also for pain management. nowadays, some of their suggested applications are examinedin research studies and are used in academic healthcare environments against several diseases. accordingto pm, to achieve the maximum impact of music effects in mind and body, several points should beconsidered including coordination of rhythm and melody with physical and mental characteristics andtemperaments (mizaj) of the listener and his/her illness. the duration of listening to the music can alsobe important. attention to these points in today’s research may lead to interesting results.