mechanism and kinetics of transformation reactions of n-alkanes contained in benzin fractions in the isomerization process

Today, the world is transitioning to high-octane ai-95 and ai-98 gasolines containing up to 35% aromatic hydrocarbons. there are many ways to increase the octane number of automotive gasolines, among which special attention is paid to the development of technologies for producing an isomerate containing up to 70% isostructured hydrocarbons by isomerizing low-octane light gasoline fractions in the presence of bifunctional catalysts. in this article, the mechanism and kinetic regularities of the reactions occurring in the isomerization processes of paraffin hydrocarbons in light gasoline fractions are analyzed. the mechanism of paraffin (n-alkanes) transformation into iso-alkanes proceeds based on a carbocation (carbon-ion) mechanism in the presence of acidic catalysts. the main stages of the process – protonation, carbocation formation, restructuring (skeletal isomerization), and dehydrogenation-hydrogenation stages – are scientifically substantiated. based on kinetic analysis, it is shown that the isomerization process can be characterized as a system of first-order or complex parallel-sequential reactions. the research results provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the isomerization process in the production of high-octane components.