biochemical engineering of green nanomaterials for targeted drug delivery and therapeutic applications

The latest nanomaterials that are considered to be ‘green’ have captured a lot of interest regarding their potential for drug delivery and therapeutic purposes. their appeal lies in their sustainability, biocompatibility, and eco-friendliness. this review delves into the biochemical engineering principles that assist in the design of green nanomaterials and their use in innovations within targeted drug delivery systems. it provides a summary of the primary plant, ammonia, and other biological sources of green nanomaterials while stressing the need for environmentally friendly enzymes, phytochemicals, and bacteria or fungi-assisted synthesis methods. the development of new strategies for passive and active drug targeting through the utilization of diverse nanomaterial-based carriers, particularly nanoparticles (nps), nanocapsules, and nanoemulsions, is discussed in this study. more detailed case studies demonstrated how green nanomaterials improve the performance and selectivity of delivery systems. the therapeutic applications of these nanomaterials span a wide range of applications, including cancer therapy, antimicrobial and antiviral therapy, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory therapy, and regenerative medicine. future strategies in biochemical engineering will focus on creating green nanomaterials, addressing clinical application issues, and analysing their potential in personalized medicine. green nanomedicine, a therapeutic approach that combines biochemical engineering and sustainable nanotechnology, aims to produce safe and efficient treatment options. the challenges include scalability, toxicity, and regulatory obstacles. ai-driven predictive modelling can optimize nanoparticle manufacturing, medication loading, and delivery efficiency, leading to personalized treatment regimens. multidisciplinary partnerships are essential for transferring green nanomedicines from research to clinical applications