a review of animal fat: a great source for industrial applications

Animal fats have the potential to be a valuable resource in various fields due to their abundance and renewability. this review is aimed to highlight the potential of animal fats for industrial applications. despite their versatility, the high levels of unsaturated fatty acids and instability have limited their usage. chemical modification processes such as epoxidation, esterification, and acetylation are used to enhance stability and expand their applicability in various fields. these modified animal fats offer a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based products with a positive impact on the environment. the usage of animal fats in other industries provides more benefits, including reduced dependence on fossil fuels, savings in foreign currency, and an improved rural economy with increased job opportunities. in addition, the utilization of animal fats in the chemical industry can lead to the development of biodegradable products, which have a positive impact on the environment.