synthesis of indenopyrazolones using functionalized sba-15

Functionalized sba-15 (immobilization of pd on modified sba-15) has been applied as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of indenopyrazolones by the multi-component reactions of phenylhydrazine, aromatic aldehydes, and indan-1,2,3-trione at room temperature in acetonitrile. the catalyst has been characterized by x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (xrd), field emission scanning electron microscopy (fe-sem), transmission electron microscopy (tem), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (xps), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (edx), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ft-ir), n2 adsorption analysis, temperature-programmed desorption (tpd), and differential thermal analysis (tga-dta). this method has a number of merits including the reusability of the catalyst, low catalyst loading, excellent yields in short reaction times, and easy separation of products.