منافع ژئوپلیتیکی بازیگران منطقه‌ای در بحران یمن

یمن به‌دلیل موقعیت ویژۀ ژئوپلیتیکی و ژئواستراتژیکی که دارد همواره قدرت‌های منطقه‌ای و فرامنطقه‌ای در آن دخالت کرده‌اند. شکل‌گیری خیزش‌های عربی و پس ‌از آن دخالت قدرت‌های منطقه‌ای و بین‌المللی در آن، یمن را بیش‌ازپیش به بحران کشاند و این کشور را به میدان جنگ داخلی و خارجی تبدیل کرد. در این مقاله در پی پاسخ این پرسش هستیم که چهار بازیگر مهم منطقه‌ای، یعنی جمهوری اسلامی ایران، عربستان سعودی، امارات متحدۀ عربی و اسرائیل، چه منافع ژئوپلیتیکی را در بحران یمن دنبال می‌کنند؟ یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که با وجود انگیزه‌های سیاسی و ایدئولوژیکِ هرکدام از بازیگران، بیشتر اهداف اساسی آنان در این بحران، متوجه مزیت‌های ژئوپلیتیکی و ژئواستراتژیکی یمن است. ایران علاوه بر اهداف ایدئولوژیک در کمک به مستضعفین، این بحران را عرصه‌ای برای گسترش عمق ژئوپلیتیک محور مقاومت می‌داند و عربستان سعودی نیز که مهم‌ترین بازیگر منطقه‌ای دخیل در بحران یمن است، یمن را برای جاه‌طلبی‌های منطقه‌ای و بین‌المللی‌ و همچنین متوقف‌شدن مشکلات ژئوپلیتیکی‌اش ضروری می‌داند. امارات متحدۀ عربی که سیاست خارجی‌اش را بر دیپلماسی دریایی و تنگه‌ای بنا کرده است، ژئوپلیتیک یمن را محور سیاست‌هایش برای نقش‌آفرینی موثرتر در منطقه می‌داند. اسرائیل نیز که یکی از واحدهای سیاسی ذی‌نفع در دریای سرخ محسوب می‌شود، موقعیت ژئوپلیتیکی یمن را برای امنیت کشتیرانی و افزایش قدرت بازدارندگی‌اش در برابر جبهۀ مقاومت مهم می‌داند.

geopolitical interests of regional actors in the yemen crisis

due to its special geopolitical and geostrategic position, yemen has always been the subject of interference by regional and extra-regional powers. bringing yemen in a crisis, the formation of the arab uprisings and then the intervention of regional and international powers turned this country into a domestic and foreign battlefield. this article seeks to answer the question of what geopolitical interests four important regional actors, namely the islamic republic of iran, saudi arabia, the united arab emirates and the zionist regime, pursue in the yemen crisis. the findings of the research show that despite the political and ideological motivations of all these actors, most of their basic goals in this crisis are aimed at the geopolitical and geostrategic advantages of yemen.in addition to its ideological goals of helping the oppressed, iran views this crisis as an arena for expanding the geopolitical depth of the axis of resistance. and, as the most important regional actor involved in the yemen crisis, saudi arabia sees this country essential to advance its regional and international ambitions, as well as to draw a veil over its geopolitical problems. the united arab emirates, which has based its foreign policy on sea and strait diplomacy, considers yemen’s geopolitics as the backbone of its policies in order to play a more effective role in the region, and the zionist regime, which is known as one of the beneficiary political actors in the red sea, considers the geopolitical position of yemen important for providing shipping security and improving its deterrence power against the resistance front.with the emergence (occurrence) of the arab uprisings, yemen, like previous decades, suffered internal crisis and chaos and; as a result, many regional and extra-regional actors entered this crisis in order to benefit from yemen’s geopolitical gifts.due to its unique geopolitical and geostrategic position, yemen is significant for regional and trans-regional actors; therefore, each of the regional powers, especially the four main influential actors in the yemen crisis, i.e. iran, saudi arabia, the united arab emirates and the zionist regime, consider some interests for themselves in this country. despite the political, economic, ideological and military interests, the biggest factor that has drawn these actors towards yemen crisis is the geopolitical and geostrategic advantages of this country which include political, economic and other advantages.in addition to political and ideological interests, the yemen crisis and the promotion of ansarullah from a sub-national to a national and even regional power have had geopolitical benefits for tehran.having not very peaceful relations with iran during the era of ali abdullah saleh and mansour hadi, yemen, with the outbreak of its crisis and the presence of ansarullah in this country, was added to the circle of iranian friends in the region and expanded the strategic depth of iran to the red sea and the strategic strait of bab al-mandab.with such an opportunity, in addition to prompting the geopolitical weight of the axis of resistance and itself, iran can increase its deterrenc power against its most important regional enemy, the zionist regime, and its most important regional rival, saudi arabia.  iran can also prevent the political, military and economic strategies of the west, especially the united states, to isolate iran and exclude it from the