بررسی آثار اقتصادی بلندمدت کمک‌های رسمی توسعه‌ای، درآمدهای انتقالی اشخاص و سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی در کشورهای منتخب اسلامی

کشورهای اسلامی همانند سایر کشورها برای رسیدن به سطحی از رفاه نیازمند رشد اقتصادی هستند. بیشتر کشورهای در‌حال‌توسعه با کمبود منابع برای رسیدن به رشد و توسعۀ اقتصادی مواجه هستند. بنابراین در این کشورها جریان انواع سرمایه‌گذاری‌های خارجی اهمیت قابل ‌توجهی دارد. هدف در این مقاله بررسی اثرگذاری بلندمدت جریان انواع سرمایه‌های خارجی شامل سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی، کمک‌های رسمی توسعه‌ای و درآمدهای انتقالی اشخاص بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای منتخب اسلامی (جمهوری آذربایجان، بنگلادش، بنین، کامرون، مصر، اندونزی، ایران، اردن، قزاقستان، مراکش، نیجر، نیجریه، پاکستان، سودان، ترکیه، تونس و اوگاندا)  در سال‌های 2000 تا 2019 است. مدل این پژوهش بعد از انجام آزمون‌ها با استفاده از روش اقتصادسنجی پانل (حداقل مربعات کاملاً اصلاح‌شده) برآورد شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که در بلندمدت جریان سرمایه‌های خارجی (کمک‌های رسمی توسعه‌ای، سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی و درآمدهای انتقالی شخصی) بر تولید ناخالص داخلی حقیقی این کشورها تاثیر مثبت و معناداری می‌گذارد. همچنین متغیرهای نیروی کار، سرمایه و مخارج دولت نیز اثر مثبت و معنا‌داری بر رشد اقتصادی دارد. بنابراین سیاست‌گذاران اقتصادی برای رونق اقتصادی باید سیاست‌های توسعۀ فضای کسب‌وکار، استفادۀ بهینه از منابع خارجی در توسعۀ زیرساخت‌ها و هدایت منابع افراد ملی ساکن در خارج از کشور را برای ارتقای شاخص‌های زیربنایی و اقتصادی  ملی در نظر بگیرند.

investigating the long-term economic impact of personal remittances ،official development assistance and foreign direct investment in selected islamic countries

islamic countries, like other countries, need economic growth to achieve a level of prosperity.most developing countries face a shortage of resources to achieve economic growth and development. therefore, in these countries, the flow of various types of foreign investment is of considerable importance. the purpose of this study was to investigate the long-term impact of foreign capital inflows, including fdi foreign direct investment, oda official development assistance, and the personal remittances of pr entities on economic growth. selected islamic countries countries (azerbaijan, bangladesh, benin,cameroon, ajibat, indonesia, iran,jordan, kazakhstan, marco, niger, nigeria, pakistan, sudan, turkey, tunisia and uganda)  during the period 2000-2019. the model of this research is estimated after the tests using the panel econometric method of fully modified least squares. the results show that in the long run the flow of foreign capital (official development assistance, foreign direct investment and personal remittances) has a positive effect. and has a significant impact on the real gdp of these countries. also, the variables of labor, capital and government expenditures have a positive and significant effect on economic growth. therefore, economic policymakers for economic prosperity should consider policies to develop the business environment, the optimal use of foreign resources in the development of infrastructure and directing the resources of nationals living abroad to improve national infrastructure and economic indicators.given that economic growth is considered a necessity to ensure the well-being of societies, countries are always striving to achieve their desired economic growth, which has its own conditions for achieving economic growth in each country. one of the factors to achieve economic growth is having sufficient resources. islamic countries, including developing countries, are also facing a shortage of sufficient resources, and to solve this problem, they need a variety of foreign investments. therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of foreign investment (foreign direct investment, personal transfer income and official development assistance) on the economic growth of 17 selected islamic countries during the period 2000 to 2019 using the fmols econometric method (fully modified least squares). ) in eviews10 software.in order to be static and there is a long-term relationship between dependent and independent variables, unit root test (phillips-prone) and cumulative test (cao) have been used. the variables are left with a 99% probability level and in the cohesion test with a 99% probability level, the relationship between the variables is long-term. to determine the nature of the test and the effects of width from the source of observations in the model estimation, aflimer and hausmann tests were performed. the model of this research was performed after the tests by panel method (at least completely reconstructed squares) with fixed effects. the results of this model show that the variables of capital, labor, personal transfer revenues, foreign direct investment, official development assistance and government expenditures with coefficients (0.034, 0.658, 0.286, 0.037, 0.0522, 0.427) on the economic growth of 17 selected countries, respectively. islam has a positive and significant effect. as seen in the theoretical foundations and research background in different countries, the inflow of various types of foreign capital, if the optimal conditions for their use exist in the host country and are used in the construction and infrastructure sectors, will lead to economic growth. also, the use of different types of foreign capital varies from country to country. if foreign direct investment is used according to the conditions of the same country, it can lead to the transfer of advanced technology, increase exports and economic growth and development.