modified carbon paste electrode based on nanotechnology for determining phenol in the liquid solutions by cyclic voltammetry and comparing to high-performance liquid chromatography

In this paper, phenol was determined in a liquid solution based on fabricating a phenol-selective electrode by cyclic voltammetry (cv). the carbon pa s te electrode was modified with nickel oxide nanoparticles (nio) which were doped with nitrogen carbon quantum dots (ncqd) as the nio-ncqd nanocomposite. the modified carbon pa s te electrode was manufactured in a laboratory and the effect of ph was s tudied. in the optimized condition, the be s t results were created at ph 7.0 and 4.0 using kh2po4 buffer solution. by voltammetry, the voltage was optimized, and the be s t value for the voltages was obtained at 0.04166v and 0.05991v for ph 4 and 7, respectively. the scan rate (sr) was s tudied and the be s t sr was achieved at 100 mv s-1 for both ph. due to the results, a wide linear dynamic range between 10 to 1000 μm was obtained. also, the s tandard phenol solution was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the retention time (rt), the wavelength maximum (λ max: nm), and the peak area equation of hplc were achieved at 2.982 min, 270 nm, and (area=40420cphenol+ 43.557), respectively by the concentration range of 0.1-5.0 mg l-1. the modified carbon pa s te electrode with nio-ncqd was used for determining phenol by cyclic voltammetry and compared with the hplc technique. the results showed that there was no significant difference between the two methods.