determination and analysis of pesticide residues in field-grown and greenhouse-grown tomatoes using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

The present study aimed to extract pesticide residues in the field and greenhouse-grown tomatoes and homemade paste based on the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe sample preparation method (quechers) before determined by the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (lc-ms). the mean difference in percentage reduction of deltamethrin (dlm) and acetamiprid (act) in raw tomatoes of greenhouse-grown was obtained at 91.42 and 90.00%, respectively, which was insignificantly more than filed condition (84.91% and 86.34%). maximum reduction percentages of the dlm in paste under greenhouse and field tomato conditions were achieved by more than 95.86% and 93.11%, respectively. the residual concentration of both dlm (91.42%) and act (90.00%) in the greenhouse decreased more than the field (84.91% and 86.34%), respectively. abamectin(aba) reached below the mrl in a shorter time after spraying (2 days). considering the pre-harvest interval (phi) period of deltamethrin and abamectin can reach their residual concentration to the mrl in both conditions, which were determined by lc-ms. according to the results of the current study, 7 and 5 days can be suggested as the phi period of the acetamiprid for field and greenhouse-grown tomatoes, respectively. therefore, using pesticides in the proper dosage, considering appropriate phi, and harvesting can reduce their residues in agricultural products.