corrosion behavior and characteristics of ha+csz nano bio composite coating prepared by epd

This study successfully demonstrated the electrophoretic deposition (epd) of a biocomposite coating comprised of hydroxylapatite (ha) and calcia stabilized zirconia (csz) onto 316l stainless steel substrates. the research investigated the influence of varying csz concentrations (1-3 %) while maintaining a constant ha concentration of 3 g/l in the epd solution, focusing on how these variations affected the coating’s overall characteristics. a combination of analytical techniques-including adhesion strength testing, cyclic polarization, x-ray diffraction (xrd), and scanning electron microscopy (sem)-was employed to thoroughly characterize the as-deposited coatings. the results revealed that the inclusion of csz significantly improved the coating’s properties. coatings exhibited low porosity and high crystallinity, which contributed to enhanced electrochemical performance and robust adhesion to the substrate. measured coating thicknesses increased from 9.26 μm at 1 % csz to 11.11 μm at 2 % csz, and further to 14.34 μm at 3 % csz. additionally, the corrosion resistance of the coated samples was markedly improved with the incorporation of csz, accompanied by a decrease in the wettability angle and an increase in adhesion strength as the csz concentration was raised. these findings suggest that optimizing csz content in ha-based biocomposite coatings could be a promising strategy for enhancing the durability and performance of stainless steel implants.